Undergoing anaesthesia for surgery may cause slight memory loss
24 Feb 2018
Going 'under' for surgery might lead to future memory problems, but any effects appear to be small, a new study suggests.
According to the study, patients who have undergone anaesthesia for surgery may score slightly lower on certain memory tests.
Middle-aged adults who underwent surgery using general anaesthesia performed slightly worse on memory tests afterward, according to the study, published on Thursday in the journal Anaesthesia. The people in the study had no signs of Alzheimer's disease or dementia, or even mild cognitive impairment, before the surgery.
In the study of 312 participants who had surgery and 652 participants who had not (with an average age in the 50s), surgery was associated with a decline in immediate memory by one point out of a possible maximum test score of 30 points.
Memory became abnormal in 77 out of 670 participants with initially normal memory - comprising 18 per cent of those who had had surgery - compared with 10 per cent of those who had not.
No differences in other measures of memory and executive function were observed between participants having and not having surgery.
Reduced immediate memory scores at the second visit were significantly associated with the number of operations in the preceding nine years. Working memory decline was associated with longer cumulative operations.
Dr Kirk Hogan, the senior author, said, "The cognitive changes we report are highly statistically significant in view of the internal normative standards we employ, and the large sample size of the control, or non-surgery, population. But the cognitive changes after surgery are small - most probably asymptomatic and beneath a person's awareness.
"The results await confirmation both in follow-up investigations in our own population sample after more surgeries in ageing participants, and by other investigators with other population samples," Dr Hogan said.
Dr Hogan noted that it is too early to recommend any changes in clinical practice regarding prevention, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of cognitive changes after surgery.
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